III.
ACCRUAL & STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS
LIMITATIONS POSITION
Civil RICO claims are subject to a four-year limitations period.
Under the Fifth Circuit injury-discovery rule, each claim accrues when the claimant discovers—or through reasonably diligent investigation should discover—the particular injury to business or property. Discovery of the complete racketeering pattern, every participating person, or the full legal significance of the conduct is not required.
Where the same asserted RICO course produces separate injuries at different times, each new and independent injury accrues separately when that injury is discovered or reasonably should have been discovered.
CONTROLLING AUTHORITIESAgency Holding Corp. v. Malley-Duff & Associates, Inc., 483 U.S. 143, 152–56 (1987)
Rotella v. Wood, 528 U.S. 549, 553–61 (2000)
Love v. National Medical Enterprises, 230 F.3d 765, 773–75 (5th Cir. 2000)
Petrobras America, Inc. v. Samsung Heavy Industries Co., 9 F.4th 247, 253–56 (5th Cir. 2021)
EARLIEST ASSERTED INJURY
EARLIEST CONSERVATIVE DEADLINE
LATER INJURY PERIOD
EXTERNAL DISCOVERY EVENT
FORMAL RECONCILIATION
CLAIMANT-SPECIFIC DISCOVERY
The discovery inquiry is applied separately to Two Sisters Dairy LLC and Anastasia Anne Thiele.
TWO SISTERS DAIRY LLCThe contemporaneous knowledge of an agent acting adversely to the company and entirely for the agent’s own or another person’s purpose is not treated as company knowledge.
The company-discovery record therefore identifies:
- who held the information;
- that person’s relationship to the company;
- the adverse interest under which the person acted;
- what injury information was withheld;
- when a non-adverse company representative obtained the relevant records;
- and when reconciliation first disclosed the company’s injury.
Anastasia Anne Thiele’s discovery is evaluated from what she personally knew—or through reasonable diligence should have known—about each specific injury to her separately held business or property interests.
Knowledge that a transaction, dispute, debt, or sale existed is not automatically treated as discovery of every undisclosed allocation, diverted payment, concealed account destination, tax consequence, or claimant-specific economic injury arising from it.
INJURY-BY-INJURY ACCRUAL RECORD
| CLAIMANT & INJURY | INJURY-PRODUCING EVENT | ASSERTED DISCOVERY | CONSERVATIVE OCCURRENCE-DATE DEADLINE | DISCOVERY-RULE DATE | SUPPORT |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DUAL-COMPENSATION OBLIGATION | Fixed obligation dated October 20, 2022; payment or allocation completed through the July 2024 closing | November 2025 reconciliation | OCTOBER 20, 2026 | NOVEMBER 2029 | EV-0321 | EV-0635 | EV-0654 |
| HEIFER RANCH TRANSFER | February 22, 2023 closing; $0.00 cash reported to the identified seller | June 14, 2026 closing-file review | FEBRUARY 22, 2027 | JUNE 14, 2030 | EV-0400 |
| HERD-PROCEEDS ROUTING | Herd-sale proceeds moved through identified accounts from January through April 2023 | June 14, 2026 account analysis | JANUARY–APRIL 2027 | JUNE 14, 2030 | EV-0379 | EV-0417 |
| TAX MISATTRIBUTION | Accounting and return entries attributing company items to the operator’s Social Security number | October–November 2025 tax and account reconciliation | FOUR YEARS FROM THE IDENTIFIED RETURN OR ASSESSMENT EVENT | OCTOBER–NOVEMBER 2029 | EV-0350 | EV-0351 |
| FIFTY-PERCENT SELLER ALLOCATION | July 25–26, 2024 closing allocation | July 5, 2026 closing verification | JULY 25–26, 2028 | JULY 5, 2030 | EV-0506 |
| ASSETS EXCLUDED FROM THE SALE | July 26, 2024 excluded-assets and side-agreement transactions | June 14, 2026 asset and closing review | JULY 26, 2028 | JUNE 14, 2030 | EV-0507 |
| § 1031 PROCEEDS ROUTING | July 26, 2024 qualified-intermediary disbursement | July 5, 2026 verification | JULY 26, 2028 | JULY 5, 2030 | EV-0507 |
| TWO SISTERS UNSECURED-CREDITOR POOL | July 26, 2024 closing distribution and subsequent withdrawal | July 5, 2026 verification | JULY 26, 2028 | JULY 5, 2030 | EV-0505 | EV-0521 |
| FEDERAL TAX LIEN | July 18, 2025 lien against the Florida homestead | July 18, 2025 | JULY 18, 2029 | JULY 18, 2029 | FORM 668(Y)(c) |
| FEDERAL LEVY NOTICE | October 14, 2025 Form 668-A | October 14, 2025 | OCTOBER 14, 2029 | OCTOBER 14, 2029 | FORM 668-A |
| SEIZURE AND RETENTION OF CAPITAL | $293,805.14 posted or removed on November 21, 2025 | November 21, 2025 | NOVEMBER 21, 2029 | NOVEMBER 21, 2029 | ACCOUNT RECORD |
The October 20, 2026 date is the earliest conservative filing deadline. It is not assigned to injuries that occurred in 2023, 2024, or 2025.
A later event receives a new limitations period only for the new and independent injury caused by that event. It does not restart limitations for an earlier injury or permit recovery for an earlier injury whose limitations period has already expired.
ACTUAL DISCOVERY RECORD
The discovery sequence proceeds through:
OCTOBER 14, 2025Federal levy issued through Form 668-A.
NOVEMBER 2025Formal reconciliation of company, tax, account, closing, and property records began.
JUNE 14, 2026Review of the Heifer Ranch closing file, herd-proceeds accounts, and excluded-assets record identified claimant-specific allocations and account destinations.
JULY 5, 2026Verification of the July 2024 settlement statement, qualified-intermediary disbursement, seller allocation, and unsecured-creditor-pool routing identified the closing-level injuries.
The discovery dates are tied to the first record showing the particular injury—not merely the earlier existence of a transaction or dispute.
CONSTRUCTIVE-DISCOVERY BARRIERS
The record identifies affirmative barriers preventing earlier discovery of the injuries:
COMPANY-BOOKS LOCKOUTOn April 11, 2022, Anastasia Anne Thiele was excluded from the company’s accounting records by written instruction.
Her request for a complete QuickBooks backup, administrative login, and password was refused.
BUYER AND FINANCING DISCLOSURETony Martins was first identified to Anastasia Anne Thiele on December 30, 2022, after Martins-affiliated financing and buyer-entity preparation had already begun.
ACCOUNT AND PROCEEDS ROUTINGHerd, operating, sale, exchange, and creditor-pool proceeds were routed through accounts and transaction labels that did not identify the ultimate disposition on their face.
CLOSING AND ALLOCATION RECORDSThe settlement statements, disbursement exhibits, excluded-assets instruments, qualified-intermediary wire, and creditor-pool transactions were not reconciled together until the 2026 closing-file and account review.
These barriers are tied to the specific information required to discover each claimant’s injury.
FRAUDULENT CONCEALMENT
The tolling record identifies the person, concealed fact, concealing act, date, discovery barrier, and later source revealing the fact.
| CONCEALING ACT | CONCEALED OR OBSCURED FACT | DATE OR PERIOD | LATER DISCLOSURE |
|---|---|---|---|
| Written company-books lockout | Operating-line activity, company accounts, revenue, obligations, and internal records | APRIL 11, 2022 FORWARD | NOVEMBER 2025–JUNE 2026 RECONCILIATION |
| Interruption of the monthly position-report series | Composition of the $1,671,504.69 operating-line increase | JUNE–JULY 2022 | ACCOUNT AND LOAN-RECORD ANALYSIS |
| Martins-affiliated financing before buyer disclosure | Identity, financing position, and preparation of the transferee; the claimant's own communications during the period contain no reference to the transferee | SEPTEMBER 2021–DECEMBER 2022 | FINANCING AND ENTITY RECORDS |
| Proceeds routed through operating, payroll, checking, escrow, or intermediary accounts | Destination and later use of herd, land, operating, closing, and exchange proceeds | 2022–2024 | 2026 ACCOUNT TRACE |
| 100-acre appraisal description followed by appraisal of 1,436.178 acres | Full property and asset scope of the valuation assignment | SEPTEMBER 2022 | APPRAISAL AND TRANSMITTAL REVIEW |
| Delayed and uncorrected accounting and tax records | Attribution of company revenue, assets, liabilities, and tax consequences | 2023–2025 | LEVY, RETURN, ACCOUNTING, AND AMENDED-RETURN REVIEW |
Fraudulent-concealment tolling rests on concealment of facts forming the basis of the injury and the inability to obtain those facts through reasonably diligent investigation.
CONTROLLING AUTHORITY — Petrobras America, Inc. v. Samsung Heavy Industries Co., 9 F.4th 247, 253–56 (5th Cir. 2021)
REASONABLE DILIGENCE
The record identifies affirmative efforts to obtain and evaluate the information:
- December 2021 written objection to the proposed sale-and-repurchase structure;
- demand for a complete QuickBooks backup with administrative credentials;
- written refusal and company-books lockout;
- review of federal lien and levy records;
- commencement of company and tax reconciliation in November 2025;
- review of the Heifer Ranch and dairy closing files;
- tracing of herd, land, operating, exchange, and creditor-pool proceeds;
- review of the appraisal, excluded-assets instruments, disbursement agreements, and account records;
- and preparation of corrections to the tax and ownership record.
Diligence is shown through the dated requests, objections, record collection, reconciliation, and transaction-level tracing.
LATER EVENTS THAT DO NOT RESTART EARLIER CLAIMS
The following events remain relevant to enterprise structure, pattern context, acquisition, maintenance of control, and financial tracing:
NOVEMBER 26, 2025AgTexas refinanced the transferred position for $33,000,000.
JANUARY–MAY 2026BMO terminated its UCC and released its deeds of trust as the AgTexas position was recorded and modified.
These refinancing and release events are not presented as independently restarting limitations for the 2022–2024 injuries.
They remain part of the record showing maintenance, financing, and institutional transfer of the acquired position.
The federal tax lien, levy, seizure and retention of approximately $293,805.14, continuing interest and penalties, and passport certification are separately dated enforcement consequences of the asserted Heifer Ranch tax-allocation injury. See Section VIII, IRS & Institutional Enforcement.
CONTROLLING DATES
| DATE | EVENT | LIMITATIONS FUNCTION |
|---|---|---|
| APRIL 11, 2022 | Company-books lockout | Discovery barrier |
| OCTOBER 20, 2022 | Earliest asserted injury | Earliest conservative deadline: October 20, 2026 |
| FEBRUARY 22, 2023 | Heifer Ranch closing | Separately accruing property and proceeds injury |
| JULY 26, 2024 | Dairy closing | Separately accruing allocation, asset, exchange, and proceeds injuries |
| JULY 18, 2025 | Federal tax lien | New property and credit injury |
| OCTOBER 14, 2025 | Federal levy notice | External discovery event and separate enforcement injury |
| NOVEMBER 2025 | Formal reconciliation began | Evidence of actual discovery |
| NOVEMBER 21, 2025 | $293,805.14 seizure or posting | Separate loss of capital |
| JUNE–JULY 2026 | Closing-file and account verification | Discovery of claimant-specific allocation and routing injuries |