II.
RICO ENTERPRISE
CROSS-INSTITUTIONAL ASSOCIATION-IN-FACT
The pleaded enterprise is an association-in-fact under 18 U.S.C. § 1961(4).
Two Sisters Dairy LLC and Anastasia Anne Thiele are the injured business and property holders.
The associate-by-associate record, the dated instrument record, and the recorded-instrument trail appear in the tables below.
RELATIONSHIPS AMONG THE ASSOCIATES
The pleaded association-in-fact is shown through direct relationships among the associates, complementary enterprise functions, and recurring dealings involving the same dairy operation, collateral, accounts, property, and transferee.
| ASSOCIATE | ENTERPRISE RELATIONSHIP & FUNCTION | SPECIFIC SHARED ACTIVITY | PERIOD | DIRECT SUPPORT |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AGTEXAS FARM CREDIT SERVICES, FLCA | Senior-lien and collateral authority over Anastasia Anne Thiele’s separately titled real property; later Martins-affiliated financing, transaction approval, and refinancing. | Denied the 2019 Consent to Easement request; recorded a separate lien subordination benefiting Lone Star NGL; extended Martins-affiliated financing beginning September 16, 2021; received the Martins-specific lease and sales contracts; approved the possession-and-purchase structure while Thiele’s note, liens, and liability remained; received the February 2023 payoff; and refinanced the acquired position for $33,000,000, increased to $40,000,000 on April 14, 2026. | 2013–2026 | RECORD 0186 | RECORD 0642 | EX-0646 | EX-0647 | RECORD 0648 | INSTRUMENT NO. 2019-07161 |
| BANK OF THE WEST | Operating lender; holder of liens against Anastasia Anne Thiele’s separately titled property and Two Sisters Dairy LLC’s business property for the operator’s obligations. | Required the covenant-waiver and Borden proceeds-assignment package; stated that collateral access depended on AgTexas’s execution of the proposed Consent to Easement; recorded Deed of Trust No. 2019-05501 after the consent was denied and never executed; administered the operating-line increase, forbearance, appraisal, exit-credit designation, payoff, and wire directions. | 2013–JANUARY 31, 2023 | RECORD 0234 | EX-0294 | RECORD 0300 | EX-0311 | RECORD 0393 |
| BMO BANK, N.A. | Successor to Bank of the West; acquisition lender for the Martins-affiliated transferee; holder of the post-transfer real-property and equipment liens. | Succeeded Bank of the West on February 1, 2023; received the seller-side lien position and releases; recorded and filed $30,000,000 within days of the closing — two $15,000,000 purchase-money vendor’s-lien notes, one recited in the Special Warranty Deed (Deed of Trust 2024-04200) and one in the Special Bill of Sale covering equipment allocated at $1,350,000 (UCC-1 24-0044256249) — plus a $2,000,000 deed of trust on October 11, 2024, $32,000,000 in total, in connection with the Martins-affiliated acquisition; later terminated its UCC and released its deeds as AgTexas refinanced the acquired position. | FEBRUARY 1, 2023–2026 | RECORD 0519 | 2024 BMO DEEDS OF TRUST | BMO UCC | 2025–2026 RELEASE INSTRUMENTS |
| ISAAC GHORBANI | Internal controller and communication channel connecting the operator, company information, accounts, financial institutions, and transaction professionals. | Transmitted position reports; participated in the written governance structure; implemented the April 11, 2022 company-books lockout; directed allocation of net proceeds; communicated with Bank of the West personnel; and participated in transaction, closing, and proceeds instructions. | 2019–2024 | RECORD 0172 | RECORD 0263 | RECORD 0382 | EX-0647 |
| KLAAS TALSMA AND OPERATOR ENTITIES | Dairy operator and bank borrower whose obligations were secured by Anastasia Anne Thiele’s real property and Two Sisters Dairy LLC’s business property. | Asserted the written two-of-three governance rule; issued the April 11, 2022 lockout instruction; operated the dairy and controlled identified revenue and accounts; participated in the herd-disposition contract; received possession, property allocations, proceeds, and the unsecured-creditor pool through the identified transactions. | 2010–2024 | RECORD 0213 | EX-0289 | RECORD 0506 | RECORD 0507 |
| TONY MARTINS AND MARTINS-AFFILIATED ENTITIES | Pre-financed transferee and holder of the acquired and refinanced dairy position. | Received AgTexas financing beginning September 16, 2021; formed TJLR Properties LLC three days before the appraisal’s effective date; obtained possession effective April 7, 2023; completed the July 26, 2024 acquisition; received BMO acquisition financing; and obtained the later AgTexas refinancing — $33,000,000, increased to $40,000,000. | 2021–2026 | RECORD 0304 | RECORD 0420 | RECORD 0507 | RECORD 0642 | EX-0646 |
| O&B FARMS, INC. | Pre-existing operator creditor and intermediary landholder in the property-transfer sequence. | Acquired the Heifer Ranch using borrowed funds; held record title for approximately seventeen months; leased the property back for $32,000 per month; and conveyed the property onward in the transferee sequence. | 2013–2024 | RECORD 0400 | RECORD 0623 | RECORD 0625 |
| KING TITLE COMPANY | Title, escrow, closing, and disbursement channel for the February 2023 Heifer Ranch transaction and July 2024 dairy transaction. | Opened and administered King Title Files 22-36290 and 24-39066; received lender and transaction instructions; prepared settlement and disbursement instruments; and administered the identified lender payoffs and closing distributions. | 2022–2024 | RECORD 0400 | RECORD 0401 | RECORD 0507 | KING TITLE FILE 22-36290 | KING TITLE FILE 24-39066 |
| WILSON, L | Title and closing participant. | Transmitted the lender-set closing date; communicated closing instructions; participated in document execution and disbursement communications; and notarized the identified 2021 deed of trust. | 2021–2024 | EVENTS IDENTIFIED IN SECTIONS V–VII |
| BOUCHER, MORGAN & YOUNG | Accounting and tax channel affecting company records, account classifications, asset and liability reporting, closing allocations, tax attributes, and federal tax consequences. | Coded $24,627,831 to the operator’s Social Security number; maintained the identified tax true-up provision; participated in the five-party consent communication; and prepared or maintained accounting and tax records affecting the claimants’ property and tax positions. | 2013–2026 | RECORD 0233 | RECORD 0351 | EX-0647 |
Each identified associate is tied to an identified enterprise function, relationship, transaction, communication, instrument, or decision.
COMMON PURPOSE
The asserted common purpose was pursued through complementary functions:
- controlling company information, books, accounts, revenue, and governance;
- increasing and enforcing the operating-line balance of $6,146,401.90;
- expanding and enforcing real-property and business collateral;
- imposing forbearance fees, paydown requirements, transaction deadlines, and consent conditions;
- preparing the buyer entity, appraisal, possession rights, and purchase structure;
- disposing of the herd, land, equipment, and operating assets;
- routing sale, closing, exchange, and creditor-pool proceeds;
- financing the Martins-affiliated acquisition; and
- refinancing and maintaining the acquired position.
LONGEVITY
The record identifies the dairy-operation, creditor, account, real-property collateral, and accounting relationships through which the business and its assets were operated and financed.
2019 | DOCUMENTED CROSS-BANK COLLATERAL DEALINGSBank of the West requested AgTexas’s execution of the proposed Consent to Easement.
AgTexas denied the request. The instrument was not issued or executed.
Twenty-eight days later, Bank of the West recorded Deed of Trust No. 2019-05501, including road-easement and related covenant rights across the Hoover/Murphree collateral identified in the unsigned consent materials.
2021–2024 | TRANSFEREE FINANCING, POSSESSION & ACQUISITIONAgTexas financed Martins-affiliated entities beginning September 16, 2021.
The transaction record then proceeds through:
- buyer-entity formation;
- appraisal;
- exclusive transaction arrangements;
- possession effective April 7, 2023;
- July 26, 2024 acquisition;
- and BMO acquisition financing.
AgTexas refinanced the acquired position for $33,000,000 on November 26, 2025; a further $7,000,000 note on April 14, 2026 brought the position to $40,000,000.
BMO terminated its UCC and released its deeds of trust. The recorded Martins-affiliated facility later totaled $118,696,740.50 across ten notes and five cross-guaranteed entities.
ENTERPRISE PERIOD ASSERTED — 2013–MAY 5, 2026ENTERPRISE STRUCTURE & DECISION-MAKING
THE ASSOCIATION FUNCTIONED THROUGH RECURRING, COMPLEMENTARY ROLES.
The enterprise structure is identified through the relationships and recurring functions performed by the associates:
| ENTERPRISE FUNCTION | ASSOCIATE OR CHANNEL |
|---|---|
| SENIOR-LIEN, CONSENT, FORBEARANCE & REFINANCING | AGTEXAS FARM CREDIT SERVICES |
| OPERATING CREDIT, COLLATERAL, APPRAISAL & PAYOFF | BANK OF THE WEST |
| ACQUISITION FINANCING & POST-TRANSFER LIENS | BMO BANK, N.A. |
| DAIRY OPERATION, REVENUE, POSSESSION & PROPERTY DISPOSITION | KLAAS TALSMA AND OPERATOR ENTITIES |
| COMPANY INFORMATION, ACCOUNTS & INTERNAL TRANSACTION CONTROL | ISAAC GHORBANI |
| TRANSFEREE, ACQUISITION & REFINANCED POSITION | TONY MARTINS AND MARTINS-AFFILIATED ENTITIES |
| INTERMEDIARY LANDHOLDING | O&B FARMS, INC. |
| TITLE, ESCROW, CLOSING & DISBURSEMENT | KING TITLE COMPANY |
| CLOSING COMMUNICATIONS & EXECUTION | WILSON, L |
| ACCOUNTING, TAX CLASSIFICATION & TAX CONSEQUENCES | BOUCHER, MORGAN & YOUNG |
The enterprise showing rests on:
- the identified common purpose;
- direct relationships among the associates;
- recurring and complementary functions;
- repeated use of the same collateral, accounts, property, transferee, and transaction channels;
- and longevity sufficient to prepare, execute, finance, and maintain the transferred position.
18 U.S.C. § 1961(4)
Boyle v. United States, 556 U.S. 938, 944–48 (2009)
PERSON–ENTERPRISE DISTINCTION
The pleaded association-in-fact is the collective enterprise. Each alleged RICO person is a distinct individual or legal entity associated with that collective enterprise.
Each individual or entity remains distinct from the collective association.
| ALLEGED RICO PERSON | ENTERPRISE POSITION | DISTINCTNESS |
|---|---|---|
| AGTEXAS FARM CREDIT SERVICES, FLCA | Senior-lien, collateral, buyer-financing, approval, and refinancing associate | Distinct legal entity |
| BANK OF THE WEST | Operating-credit, collateral, appraisal, default-enforcement, and payoff associate | Distinct legal entity |
| BMO BANK, N.A. | Successor-lender and acquisition-financing associate | Distinct legal entity |
| KLAAS TALSMA | Operator and borrower associate | Distinct individual |
| ISAAC GHORBANI | Internal-control and communication associate | Distinct individual |
| TONY MARTINS AND IDENTIFIED MARTINS ENTITIES | Transferee and acquisition/refinancing associates | Distinct individuals and legal entities |
| O&B FARMS, INC. | Intermediary-landholding associate | Distinct legal entity |
| KING TITLE COMPANY | Title, escrow, closing, and disbursement associate | Distinct legal entity |
| WILSON, L | Title and closing associate | Distinct individual |
| BOUCHER, MORGAN & YOUNG | Accounting and tax associate | Distinct legal entity |
TWO SISTERS DAIRY LLC — Injured operating business and property holder.
ANASTASIA ANNE THIELE — Injured individual property holder and sole member.
CONTROLLING AUTHORITYSt. Paul Mercury Insurance Co. v. Williamson, 224 F.3d 425, 445–47 (5th Cir. 2000)
Cedric Kushner Promotions, Ltd. v. King, 533 U.S. 158, 161–64 (2001)
DIRECT ENTERPRISE RECORD
| DATE | ASSOCIATES CONNECTED | ACT OR INSTRUMENT | ENTERPRISE FUNCTION | SUPPORT |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AUGUST–SEPTEMBER 2019 | AGTEXAS | BANK OF THE WEST | Consent to Easement request, denial, and subsequent recording of Deed of Trust No. 2019-05501 | Cross-bank consent, senior-collateral, and recording relationship | RECORD 0186 | DEED OF TRUST NO. 2019-05501 |
| SEPTEMBER 16, 2021 | AGTEXAS | MARTINS-AFFILIATED ENTITIES | $15,020,628 buyer-side financing | Pre-financing of identified transferee | RECORD 0642 |
| APRIL 11, 2022 | TALSMA | GHORBANI | TWO SISTERS INFORMATION CHANNEL | “I have ordered Isaac not to provide you with any information from today on.” — written instruction, with same-day written compliance | Information and governance control | EX-0289 |
| JULY 8–15, 2022 | BANK OF THE WEST | TWO SISTERS CHANNEL | “this is an exit credit…” and “I think your land is held in the name of Two Sisters.” — balance stated $6,146,401.90; sweep off | Operating-credit control and collateral posture | RECORD 0009 | EX-0294 |
| SEPTEMBER 16–19, 2022 | MARTINS-AFFILIATED ENTITY | BANK OF THE WEST | TJLR formation followed three days later by effective appraisal date | Transferee formation and appraisal preparation | RECORD 0304 |
| FEBRUARY 22–23, 2023 | BANK OF THE WEST | AGTEXAS | KING TITLE | Settlement and payoff instruments distributing $2,778,895.49 to Bank of the West and $703,840.60 to AgTexas | Dual-lender payoff and proceeds routing | RECORD 0400 | RECORD 0401 |
| APRIL 7, 2023 | AGTEXAS | TALSMA | MARTINS-AFFILIATED ENTITY | Possession became effective while Thiele’s note, liens, and liability remained | Transfer of possession and acquisition control | RECORD 0420 |
| JULY 26–29, 2024 | TALSMA | MARTINS-AFFILIATED ENTITIES | KING TITLE | BMO | Dairy closing, proceeds distributions, $30,000,000 acquisition financing recorded and filed within days — “payable to the order of BMO Bank, N.A., in the principal amount of FIFTEEN MILLION AND NO/100 DOLLARS ($15,000,000.00)” in the deed and again in the bill of sale (Deed of Trust 2024-04200; equipment-and-fixtures UCC-1 24-0044256249) | Transfer, disbursement, and acquisition financing | RECORD 0507 | RECORD 0519 |
| NOVEMBER 26, 2025–MAY 5, 2026 | AGTEXAS | BMO | MARTINS-AFFILIATED ENTITIES | $33,000,000 refinancing increased to $40,000,000, BMO UCC termination, and deed releases | Refinancing and maintenance of acquired position | EX-0646 | RELEASE INSTRUMENTS |
INTERSTATE-COMMERCE CONNECTION
The enterprise’s activities affected interstate commerce through identified banking, wire, carrier, lending, auction, escrow, and commercial channels, including:
- a proceeds assignment connecting a Texas dairy operation, an Alabama counterparty address, and a California bank lockbox;
- electronic transfer of dairy proceeds;
- Fedwire transfers from Texas to Florida;
- interstate delivery carriers and tracking records;
- a California auctioneer’s herd-disposition contract;
- federally regulated banking and Farm Credit institutions;
- Idaho borrower entities;
- and a Dairy Producer Milk Supply Agreement with Borden Dairy Company, identified in the agreement as a Delaware company.
The commerce showing rests on the interstate counterparties, financial institutions, electronic transfers, carriers, contractual channels, and transaction instruments.